Management Consultancy and Organizational Uncertainty

Belief, Doubt and Synthesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Conviction, Doubt and Synthesis - Essay Example Composing is one of the most critical callings in the US today. In light of this reality, various ways of thinking and standards apply in characterizing the perfect characteristics and aptitudes expected of gifted journalists. These standards are abstract and generally rely upon the variables that decide the reason for composing. In this respects, we need to recognize that not all authors have similar characteristics, as a portion of the American essayists are superior to other people. In spite of the way that not all authors are equivalent in their ranges of abilities, there ought to be a standard of separating sharpest scholars from poor ones. In such manner, I conviction one ought to have a portion of the major characteristics on the off chance that he/she is to be considered as an expert essayist (Starnino 42). The characteristics of an essayist fall into individual and specialized abilities. Ownership of solid individual characteristics involves the utilization of compelling rel ational abilities in introducing ones thoughts and considerations in composed structure. In America, each author appreciates the right to speak freely of discourse and articulation in their work. Journalists are allowed to communicate their musings in whatever way they wish, as long as their work falls inside the extent of national standards and guidelines. In such manner, journalists face the inclination of communicating their contemplations in a fitting language according to the earth in subject. In attempting to legitimize their musings and methods of reasoning, essayists can take part in influential, confident or condemning bits of work (Lutovich and Fisher 67). One ought to coordinate every one of these opportunities of thought and language in creating powerful or in any event, condemning expositions so as to achieve composing objectives. For this situation, I conviction a splendid essayist ought to be innovative, striking and inventive. For instance, an essayist in a political field conjecturing about the fate of a nation’s legislative issues ought to be inventive and imaginative in convincing his devotees and condemning those restricting. Intelligent improvement of political papers requires an author to explain the opportunities accessible with the relational abilities in guaranteeing viable conveyance of the expected message to the intended interest group (Lutovich and Fisher 72). Notwithstanding close to home aptitudes, a gifted author ought to have an exhaustive comprehension of the specialized characteristics of composing. I conviction the main specialized nature of master composes is the capacity to impart easily in composed language. English journalists must adhere to syntactic standards in each bit of their work. Effective utilization of English will encourage conveyance of the message in a goal way. Since the better piece of composing involves assortment of data from both the essential and optional sources, an essayist ought to likewise h ave solid research aptitudes. The individual in question should do an exploration practice from the difficult definition stage to the outcomes understanding stage. Each essayist ought to be acquainted with the principal ideas of the subject of composing and should utilize significant and fitting jargon in communicating their thoughts. Ultimately, a capable author ought to sort out the basic pieces of an article in an intelligent example. Combination of these specialized aptitudes with the previously mentioned correspondence characteristics in an article give a measure of characterizing a beautiful bit of composing (Lutovich and Fisher 61). Individuals are in a constant procedure or getting new thoughts and meeting new examples of contemplations in their lives. At the point when one meets another thought,

How to Plan an Investor Roadshow

How to Plan an Investor Roadshow One of the things that startups â€" and practically any business â€" need to do in order to gain funding is to actively look for investors. They are fortunate if it is the investors who will come knocking on their door, but in most other cases, there is a need to find them and get them to notice you. Once they do, the next step is to get them to give you more than a few minutes of their time to let you convince them why you are a good prospect for investment. There are several avenues to accomplish this, and one of them is through investor roadshows. © Shutterstock.com | imtmphotoIn this article, we provide 1) a short introduction to investor roadshows and 2) how to plan a successful investor roadshow.THE INVESTOR ROADSHOWThe phrase “roadshow” immediately brings to mind going from one place to another, presenting something visual. It makes one think of a touring show of musicians, artists and performers, who make use of a series of different locations or venues.That is not too far from the truth when it comes to an investor roadshow. The business will literally be putting on a “show” â€" a presentation â€" for potential investors. In this context, the presentation is the roadshow.Think of a company that is issuing shares of stocks in order to raise capital for a major project. They will conduct a presentation to prospective buyers of these shares or securities. Thus, they will have to conduct an investor roadshow in order to convince investors.We can classify an investor roadshow into two: a “deal roadshow” and a “ non-deal roadshow”.Deal Roadshow. The classic example is an IPO Roadshow. An investor roadshow is often conducted by a previously privately-held company that is going public and conducting an initial public offering (IPO). It is, in effect, their way of “advertising” the shares in the IPO.Non-deal Roadshow. Investor roadshows may also be conducted even without the intention of selling or offering anything. Often, executives of a company will undertake a roadshow with their current investors, but also with the added motivation of being able to attract additional, new investors in the process.Often, an investor roadshow is used synonymously with “financial roadshow”, where executives or members of top management conduct a series of meetings in different cities where the company has branches or satellite offices. While it is true that a financial roadshow is also conducted for IPO purposes, it has a much broader coverage, as it may also be conducted when a corporation that wa s previously government-owned will be privatized.This is not to be confused with other types of roadshows that are also related to business. Marketing roadshows, for example, involve a group of people travelling to different places to advertise certain products or services.More than private investors, the target audience of investor roadshows are the institutional investors, which range from investment banks to pension funds and other financial agencies or institutions that can help in generating buzz about the offering. Investor roadshows are not meant for potential investors alone, because they are also conducted for the benefit of fund managers, analysts, and practically anyone interested with the company. That means that potential partners and customers are also included.On the other hand, the presentation is not left solely in the hands of top management of the company, as they may opt to send a representative that they deem could do an excellent job in making the presentations in their stead.Purpose of an Investor RoadshowIn an investor roadshow, a representative of the company will travel to different cities or places in the country where their potential investors are, and make a presentation about an investment opportunity in the company or business that he represents. The purpose of an investor roadshow will largely depend on what type of an investor roadshow it is.The main purpose of an IPO roadshow is to generate interest of potential investors in your company, or in what your company is offering. You want to build up their excitement so that, when the IPO date finally comes around, they will be right there to purchase your offering.An investor roadshow, which is held prior to the actual offering or sale of securities or shares, is also instrumental in increasing the share price of the stocks as well as shareholder value. The higher the interest or excitement generated, the higher the share price is likely to be.According to institutional investors, a large part of the success of IPOs depends on how well-planned and executed their roadshows are.As for non-deal roadshows, these are also conducted in order to renew and strengthen the relationships of the company with its current investors. They are even seen as part of the reportorial responsibility of company’s management to its stakeholders.What to include in an Investor RoadshowYou might be one of those who are wondering what is included in the presentation, or what the representative of the company will talk about. Essentially, what will be presented is the business plan of the company, which will be tackled in great detail. The key topics include, but are not limited to:The background of the business;The composition of the management team, including their qualifications and level of experience;The products and services of the company, and their features;The current state of the business, focusing on its strengths and achievements;The competitive environment of the company , including an analysis of the overall competitive landscape that it operates in;The expected results, with special focus on how these results will be to the benefit of the potential investorsHow Investor Roadshows are ConductedThe events that are included in an investor roadshow may vary, depending on what the management deems to be the most effective way of reaching their potential investors and engaging their interest.Small, private meetings are sometimes conducted by management with select groups of potential investors, often performed by batch.Larger gatherings may also be held in bigger venues that are able to accommodate a larger number of potential investors.Multimedia presentations are presented to the audience.Question-and-answer sessions that resemble press conferences are also conducted, often with the presence of media.Copies of presentations are also uploaded or posted online. Twitter, for example, posted a video presentation of its IPO roadshow on the website RetailRo adshow.com.Feel free to watch Twitters investor roadshow presentation. PLANNING AN INVESTOR ROADSHOWRoadshows are not easy to put together. There are a lot of details regarding logistics that must be sorted out. Making travel arrangements alone already takes a lot of work, and engaging the involvement of different parties that will contribute or play even a minor role during the roadshow is not going to be a walk in the park.They are not cheap, either. It costs money â€" a lot of it â€" to organize a roadshow. However, if you plan it well, and you execute it properly, the returns are likely to be more than the cost incurred in putting it into motion.There is a need, therefore, to ensure that all the smallest details are taken care of from the beginning. Here we will take a look at the aspects of investor roadshow planning.1. Deciding on Scope of Responsibility and BudgetThis pertains to how the roadshow will be carried out. Companies generally have two options:Organize the roadshows in-house. This is ideal for companies that have enough manpower or staff on board to devote their time to organizing the details and logistics of investor roadshows. It gives the company full control of how the roadshows will be conducted.Hire an agency or service provider specializing in investor roadshows. There are such firms whose main service is to plan and organize roadshows. This easily takes away much of the burden of planning from the company itself, but it is also quite expensive. This is the reason why this option is seen to be used only by the very large businesses.On the matter of cost, expect to spend money on an investor roadshow. You can work on the budget as you go along the planning of the roadshow. After all, there are many things to consider, such as the cost of travel, the cost of hotel accommodations for the members of the management team, the cost of reserving the chosen venues in every city, the meals and even the materials that will be distributed to the au dience.2. Roadshow SchedulingDuration: There is no fixed duration for a roadshow. It could be as short as 2 to 3 days or longer up to 2 to 3 weeks. It will take even longer if you are going to take the roadshow across the country, because you have to take into account the travel time it requires to move from one place to another. Scheduling will coincide with the determination of your stops of the roadshow.Roadshow Dates: Now, when will you bring the show on the road? There is such a thing called “roadshow season”. These are the months in the year when companies often go on the road to connect with their current or potential investors. Obviously, if you are conducting an IPO, the roadshow must be conducted before the actual date of the IPO.When scheduling your investor roadshow, make sure that it does not adversely affect the normal operations of the business. Your operations should still go unhindered even when key members of management are on the road working hard to attract m ore investors.3. Dealing with the LogisticsThere is one rule of thumb when deciding on the places to conduct your roadshow in: go where the investors are. If you are eyeing institutions in New York City as potential investors, then include that city in your stops. If you want to renew your relationship with your investors in Florida, then that should be on your list of destinations as well.Of course, you should never leave out your company’s base or “home market”. It will not make sense if you focus all your marketing efforts in other cities but ignore your own backyard altogether.You may have come across large companies choosing five-star hotels and prestigious venues for their investor roadshows. It is not a given that the more expensive the venue is, the more successful the roadshow will become. There is no guarantee of that. Sometimes, smaller and more humble venues may be the much better options for your company to connect with your potential investors.Reservations must b e made in advance. It is a fact that there may be last-minute changes due to unforeseen events. Make the arrangements in view of the possibility of these things happening.Details regarding the transportation and travel of the company’s participants to the investor roadshow must be hammered out clearly.4. Crafting and Delivery of the PresentationThe presentation refers to two things: the conduct of the presentation, and its content.In the conduct of the roadshow, you would consider the way that the roadshow will be carried out. Typically, those that are conducted in the middle of the day, will start with a short period for casual chats over cocktails. This could last for 20 to 30 minutes. After that, everyone will go for lunch. When lunch is over, it is time for the management or the representatives to make their presentation, which will then be followed by a question-and-answer (QA) session.Next, we will look into the content. We have already mentioned the typical topics that must be contained in the presentation of the company, which is essentially its business plan.Create a standardized presentation which will be given to the potential investors. This will also be a good source material for the practice of the presenters later on.Highlight the benefits of the company, both the qualitative and the quantitative. Do not stick to just presenting the facts and figures. While it is true that most investors look at the bottom-line and care about numbers, many of them will still want to know the qualitative benefits that they can expect from investing in the company.Talk about the corporate culture of the business, particularly the value of its employees and management. A lot can be said about a company when you look at its story, and investors will naturally want to know who they are investing in.5. Choosing the Right Person(s) to Represent the BusinessWho will make the presentation?Take note that these roadshows mean that management will be reaching out to inves tors, whether current or prospective. That means that members of the management must be present. After all, they are the ones who are most knowledgeable about the contents of the presentation. When the audience ask questions, they are also the ones who are most qualified to provide the answers.Investors put a lot of stock on the person making the presentation. In the case of IPOs, potential investors prefer seeing the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO). It has been said that it is only during these roadshows that investors get to meet the top honchos of the company.6. Coaching and Practice for the PresentersYou can say that the roadshow is a storytelling session, and the presenters are the storytellers. Even storytellers need preparation and practice in order to deliver the story with the right nuance.No matter how knowledgeable or qualified the presenters are, a little coaching and lots of practice will not hurt. This will help them prepare better, as they will be able to anticipate questions that will be thrown their way, and simulation of the roadshow will make them even more confident when the real thing actually happens.It’s not just the operational and other managers who will benefit from coaching and practice, because even CEOs and CFOs will find that these will arm them better when the actual roadshow takes place.7. Knowing your audienceThe biggest reason for getting to know your audience is so you can better differentiate your company in their minds. Investors have different perspectives when looking at potential investments, and if you do not know these perspectives, you will not be able to create and present your presentations in a way that will engage their attention and hold their interest.8. Other tips for Roadshow PlanningPlan well ahead of time. In large companies with established departments dedicated solely for investor roadshows, they start planning well in advance, and they plan the roadshows that they wil l conduct over the course of the next 6 or 12 months.Economize, but do not skimp. You might think that you will be saving money if your CEO and CFO travel in economy. Consider the reality that they might be uncomfortable during a long flight, and will not be able to be in the best condition once they arrive at their destination. There are also benefits to letting your team stay in a more expensive hotel; they will be well-rested for when they face the investors the next day. There is nothing wrong with trying to keep your costs low during the investor roadshow, but consider the long-term effects of your decisions. You may get better results even if you spend more.

Tabloid Content - 1427 Words

â€Å"The success of News Ltd is based on tabloid content† 1. Introduction News has always been a matter of commerce, and it has always entertained as well as informed (Barkin 2003, p.64). News Ltd, undeniably, has focused on tabloid content in order to derive an enormous benefit from it. To rise fame, broadly speaking, News Ltd has exploited the interest of the target audiences, crucially by appealing to their human side. This is to say that the success of New Corporations is mainly contributed by tabloid contents. 2. What is tabloid? Traditionally, as Barkin (2003, p.61) defined, tabloid referred to the size of a page in a newspaper, its papers had smaller pages and often contained sensational contents. However, there is another aspect that†¦show more content†¦Generally, it is not completely good conclusion that public interest does invade the private life of famous persons because there are still moral values that it does evaluate (Archard 1998, p.90). 5. Examples from Murdoch In Chenoweth’s view (2001, p.58), Rupert Murdoch â€Å"is a powerfully ordinary figure† and is â€Å"the archetypal modern media mogul† (Chenoweth 2001, p. xiii). Undeniably, this person’s News Corporation is one of the largest communications conglomerates in the world. His News empire holds companies in America, Britain and Australia†¦ Time magazine used to rate him as the fourth most powerful person in the United States, behind the President, the head of the Federal; Reserve Bank, and Bill Gates at Microsoft. In Australia, Telstra- a government-owned telephone, paid for a $ 3 billion fibre-optic cable rollout for Foxtel, a joint-venture cable service with Murdoch (Chenoweth 2001, pp. 119-120). Significantly, also, Murdoch is infamous for the tabloid contents in his newspapers; one of them is his Page 3 topless girl, which could be found in The Sun. As causing a big controversy, this page was about to be closed. However, this page is strongly advocat ed by the members of BBC forum. This is to say that people read newspapers not only for information but also for the satisfaction of human interest (Sunday Business 2003, p.1). What is more, Murdoch’s power did influence on political side through the media. To support theShow MoreRelatedThe Similarities and Differences Between Tabloid and Broadsheet Newspapers1211 Words   |  5 PagesThe Similarities and Differences Between Tabloid and Broadsheet Newspapers Newspapers fall into two distinct types, tabloids such as the Sun, Daily Express, Daily Mail and The Mirror, and broadsheets such as the Times, Telegraph and Independent. Tabloid papers focus more on celebrity issues and tend to sensationalise. Broadsheets tend to be more informative, covering more political and international news. Broadsheets are printed on A2 paper. They have a main story onRead MoreComparison of Newspaper Articles624 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of Newspaper Articles I have chosen two articles about the same story from two contrasting newspapers, one a tabloid and one a broadsheet. The tabloid I have chosen is The Mirror and the broadsheet is The Times. Both articles are taken from the papers of Tuesday 22nd October 2001. They cover the story about the outbreak of Anthrax in Washington DC where two postal workers died. I think the Mirror is aimed at people who do not want to read the news inRead MoreA Comparison of Two Different Newspapers1161 Words   |  5 Pagesnewspapers - a tabloid (The Mirror) and a broadsheet (The Times) report the same story. I will be looking at the presentation and the use of language as well as the basics of how the story is put forward and told. Both papers are reporting the same story in which Prince Philip made a statement along the lines that guns are no more dangerous than cricket bats following a shooting at a school in Dunblane in Scotland. In general there are many differences between tabloids and broadsheetsRead MoreHistory of the Newspaper2132 Words   |  9 PagesHistory of the Newspaper The first acknowledged newspaper came into existence in 1665 and was called the Oxford Gazette. During the development stages, newspapers were split into two separate camps. Firstly there are the tabloids. The tabloids have a long and interesting history behind them. Lord Northcliffe; then owner of the Daily Mirror, launched the Daily Mirror in November 1903 and were aimed specifically for the female audience. In 1904 it was re-launched atRead MoreInternational Media s Coverage Of An Event Essay3208 Words   |  13 PagesAustralian tabloid newspaper, published and distributed in New South Wales. 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Differences and similarities between the three sources were great and all attempt to show the tragedy in ways unique to themselves. Typically, tabloid newspapers are written for human interest, using hyperbolic language to sensationaliseRead MoreComparing Articles on the September 11th Attack in Two Newspapers1182 Words   |  5 Pages In this essay I will analyse and compare a broadsheet and a tabloid newspaper article. I hope to be able to find differences and similarities in both articles. The Sun, which is the tabloid paper, is more of a gossip paper than The Times, which is full of news and sophisticated vocabulary. The article I have chosen is about the service for the September 11th attack on the Twin Towers. I will concentrate on looking at the language used and the descriptive element ofRead More Photojournalism is Subjective NOT Objective Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagespeople such as celebrities are often manipulated by tabloid magazines. Driven by the need to earn more revenue, these tabloid magazines often sensationalise their photos thus compromising the factual accounts. After all, a tabloid magazine credibility is determined by its number of readers. Sensationalism is a panacea for even the dullest news, think, who can resist a good gossip? From these examples, it is understood that the meaning and content of a photo illustration will be affected if altering

Effects Of Alcohol On Women s Drinking - 895 Words

Alcohol is very popular amongst all ages of women whether they drink before or after 21 years old or. Women are seen as vulnerable and weak, which is a typical stereotype society defines. A reason why women may drink is indefinite. There is not an exact reason why women drink, but there are many reasons why may one drink. Reasons may consist of positivity and/ or negativity for alcohol; however, there are many negative effects on women. Women drink in order to have fun and get loose, or if they are stressed and feel overwhelmed. Consumption of alcohol is every day, but people may not know what it is composed of. There are ingredients that people do not realize that would be in an alcoholic beverage. It is important for women to know what they are putting into their bodies. As women drink more, the more likely women are known to have a disorder. Eating disorders can play a big factor in drinking. Many people do not realize how alcohol is broken down, however, according to Kolander, â €Å"alcohol takes place through the stomach, where about 20 percent is absorbed directly into the bloodstream, and from the small intestine where 80 percent is absorbed and moves into the bloodstream and to all parts of the body† (p. 322). There are many types of alcohol; the three additional types of alcohol are methanol, isopropyl, and butyl. These ingredients are dangerous for the body. Methyl alcohol, also called wood alcohol, is an ingredient in such products as glass cleaners, turpentine,Show MoreRelatedAlcohol Use For Disease Control And Prevention1446 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Alcohol Use in Pregnancy.† CDC. 17 April 2014. Web. 20 April 2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that there is no known safe amount of alcohol use during pregnancy or while trying to get pregnant. 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Criminology and the Rule of Law Free Essays

The chapter begins by distinguishing between two types of law. Criminal law is a formal means of social control that uses rules, interpreted and enforced by the courts, to set limits on the conduct of the citizens, to guide the officials, and to define unacceptable behavior. Civil law is a means of resolving conflicts between individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Criminology and the Rule of Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now It includes personal injury claims (torts), the law of contracts and property, and subjects such as administrative law and the regulation of public utilities. The author defines substantive law, procedural law and due process of law. The text defines the five ideal features of good criminal laws. They include politicality, specificity, regularity, uniformity, and penal sanction. The origins of criminal law are explored with a brief history of law in England and the law of early America. The history of the common law in England is examined with its influence on American law. The issue of constitutional law is discussed. Other law such as administrative and regulatory law is presented. The chapter then enters into a broad discussion of rocedural law. It concentrates on the rights of the accused. The Bill of Rights is discussed as a prelude to the most important amendments in procedural law. The author then explains, in detail, the Fourteenth, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Eighth Amendments to the U. S. Constitution with corresponding case law citations and brief summaries. The Fourth Amendment deals with the issue of search and seizure. It reads: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no arrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the person or things to be seized. The Fifth Amendment deals with the issues of self-incrimination. It reads: No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in Jeopardy of ife or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without Just compensation. The Sixth Amendment deals with the issue of a right to an attorney. It reads: In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial Jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed; which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be nformed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to nave the assistance ot counsel tor his detense. The Eight Amendment deals witn issue of cruel and unusual punishment: It reads: Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. The chapter ends with a discussion of the many miscarriages of Justice. The legal system of the United States is unique in the world in the number of procedural rights that it rovides people suspected or accused of crimes. The primary reason for procedural rights is to protect innocent people from being arrested, charged, and convicted, or punished for crimes they did not commit. One of the basic tenets of the American legal system is that a person is innocent until proven guilty. The chapter deals with these issues and presents some alternatives for reform. Lecture Outline l. Two Types of Law: Criminal Law and Civil Law A. Criminal law is one of two general types of law practiced in the United States (the other is civil law). Criminal law is a formal means of social control that involves the se of rules that interpreted, and are enforceable, by the courts of a political community. The function of the rules is to set limits to the conduct of the citizens, to guide the officials (police and other administrators), and to define conditions of deviance or unacceptable behavior. 1. Substantive Law: The body of law that defines criminal offenses and their penalties. 2. Procedural Law: Procedural law governs the ways in which the substantive laws are to be administered. B. Ideal Characteristics of the Criminal Law 1. Politicality Specificity 2. Regularity 3. Uniformity 4. Penal Sanction . Criminal Law as a Political Phenomenon C. . Origins of Law England’s Contribution to American Criminal Law Magna Carta a. Creating Criminal Laws in the United States D. 1. Constitution and Legislative Bodies Common Law Precedent b. Stare Decisis Administrative or Regulatory Agency Decisions Interdependency among sources of legal authority . Procedural Law: Rights of the Accused A. The Bill of Rights B. The Fourth Amendment The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants hall issue, How to cite Criminology and the Rule of Law, Papers

Techniques of Cost Accounting free essay sample

Cost accounting information is commonly used in financial accounting  information, but first we are oncentrating in its use by managers to take decisions. The accountants who handle the cost accounting information generate add value by providing good information to managers who are taking decisions. Among the better decisions, the better performance of your  organization, regardless if it is a manufacturing company, a  bank, a  non-profit organization, a  government  agency, a school club or even a  business school. The cost-accounting system is the result of decisions made by managers of an organization and the environment in which they make them.The organizations and managers are most of the times interested in and worried for the  costs. The control of the costs of the past, present and future is part of the job of all the managers in a company. In the companies that try to have  profits, the control of costs affects directly to them. We will write a custom essay sample on Techniques of Cost Accounting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Knowing the costs of the products is essential for  decision-making  regarding  price  and mix assignation of products and services. The cost accounting systems can be important sources of information for the managers of a company.For this reason, the managers understand the forces and weaknesses of the cost accounting systems, and participate in the evaluation and evolution of the cost measurement and administration systems. Unlike the accounting systems that help in the preparation of  financial reports  periodically, the cost accounting systems and reports are not subject to rules and standards like the  Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. As a result, there is a wide variety in the cost accounting systems of the different companies and sometimes even in different parts of the same company or organization .

The Policy of One Child Per Couple in China Death and Birth Rate

Abstract This paper examines the policy of one child per couple in china. This is in regard to the composition of the population of this country. A number of statistics are going to be illustrated and analyzed at length. An important data to be analyzed is the population growth rate data for both males and females in China, from 1985 to 2010.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Policy of One Child Per Couple in China: Death and Birth Rate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another data used is the general population of China. The data used in determining if the population is ageing is the dependency rates. There are three rates in this case, the general, the old (working), and the young (working). The rate of death is incorporated in this examination. Finally, a population pyramid is used to give an illustration of the population of China. Introduction In China, a policy to plan families was introduced dur ing the eighteenth century to rein in on an increasing population. In this policy, citizens of China were enticed into marrying later than they used to. The time for giving birth was also regulated by this policy. According to it, married citizens living in cities were to have only a single child, and those in the rural areas were allowed not more than 2 children (Xinhua News Agency par 2).This policy has been credited with reducing China’s population by millions over the past decade. However, there have been a number of concerns about its effects to the population. One such is the part of the population who are now categorized as old compared to the younger generation. There are now concerns among the authorities who are considering undertaking a policy shift (Xinhua News Agency par 3). Some population parameters that are used include the total number of people in China, rates of deaths and births, the young people, and their dependence on the older generation for sustenance and the older people who are also dependent on others. Since the policy was implemented in 1978, the analysis will include the population data for the period before and after this time. China’s population has grown so fast over time. The rate of growth was highest in the nineteen fifties. The graph below shows a great reduction in this rate in recent times.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Figure 1 Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China Figure 2 Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China From these values (whose data is found in the appendix), it is evident that the population growth rate of China continued to grow at a steady rate a number of decades after the introduction of the single child for every couple policy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Policy of One Child Per Couple in China: Death and Birth Rate spe cifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More What is however evident is that the population growth rate of females is lower as compared to that of women. This has an implication on the sustainability of this population in terms of raising young and energetic individuals who can take over productive roles in the society. This is because women are the ones responsible for conceiving new life. In China, the dependency between different age groups has been varying for the past fifty years. The dependency ratio is calculated from the proportion of the working population. It excludes those dependent on the working population below 15 years and older than 64 years. A total of a hundred working people in the same age bracket are taken for every proportion of dependants. â€Å"This percentage was 78.49 in 1964 8.21 in 2010† (Li p 65). The values that follow are much more comprehensive about the subject from the year nineteen sixty to two thousand and ten for China as provided by the World Bank. From figures given below it can be seen that the general age dependency has been on the decline as from the nineteen sixties. This implies that a good percentage of the country’s population has been incorporated into the countries work force gradually year after year. These are the people who are in the age bracket between fifteen years and sixty four years of age. The reason for this could be the increase in the number of people within this age bracket over time. What cannot be said about this particular dependency is whether it is of the old the young or the old citizens of China. To look at this, it is necessary to look at these two types of age dependency. The statistics in this table, that is figure five which represents the number of old people over the age sixty four years of age shows a particular trend which is that of a gradual increase in the number of old people who are dependent on the people involved in work. This mea ns that these categories of Chinese citizens have increased with time in the past years. The likely cause could be the one child policy of maintaining population growth rate which appears to have influenced a slowdown in the number of young people.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More We cannot however conclusively say this until we look at the trend displayed by the dependency of the young people over the working population of China. Looking at figure six, it can be seen that the young dependency rate for China has been on the decline for the past twenty years. This means that for the past fifty years the number of those less than fifteen years of age in the Chinese population has been decreasing. We can thus say that there has been an increase in the number of people who are above the age of fifteen years in this country over the past year. In the same breath from what has been observed in figure five, we can also say that the number of Chinese citizens above the age of sixty four has increased. These two imply a population that has grown older because of some policy changes Figure eight in the appendix gives the figures for the death rates, the rates of birth and alongside the rate at which the population is growing. Starting with the figures for the birth rat e, it can be seen that save for the first two years, it has been decreasing since 1978. From a high of 18.25 in that year to a low of 12.21 in the year 2004.For the death rate there are slight declines in it, even though the figures are very marginal, decimals actually they are sustained at the rate of six averagely through out. The population growth rate on the other side has shown some amount of decline except for the year 1981. The decline is significant, from a high of twelve in 1978 to a low of 5.87 in the year 2004.A low birth rate over the year’s means that few children are born to replace the existing population. This explains the decrease in population rate over time. Since the death rate is almost constant and also low at the average rate of six it means that more people live to their old age. Finally, an analysis is done to figure out if the population of China is ageing. This achieved by scrutinizing a recent Chinese population pyramid. It can be seen in the figur e seven below. The given figures confirm that majority of the Chinese population are above forty four years old, which is the symptom of an ageing population. Figure seven Source: US Census Bureau. Conclusion The fact finding about China’s population trends indicates a number of things. The first among them is a decline in the rate of growth of the population. The other notable fact is a reduction in the rate at which the young people below the age of fifteen are dependant on the population over the years. Still on dependency, it can be noted that there is an increase in the number of people above the age of sixty four who dependant on the working population. From the country’s population pyramid what is notable is that that the age brackets with the most people are those of people between the ages twenty to twenty four years, thirty five to thirty nine and forty years to forty four. The last two age groups mentioned consist of people who are approaching retirement. Considering the low numbers in children who are five to nine years old and zero to four years, it is important that a reversal in the population growth trend is sought. Works Cited Li, Lillian. Fighting famine in North China: state, market, and environmental decline, 1690s-1990s. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2007. Xinhua ,News Agency. One child policy pressurized by aging population 2009. Web3 rd April 2012 http://www.china.org.cn/china/features/content_18320523.htm. This research paper on The Policy of One Child Per Couple in China: Death and Birth Rate was written and submitted by user Marshall Phelps to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Store Layout

Store Layout The store layout of all our stores is based on one of the following architectures: Grid layout - layout that displays merchandise in straight, parallel lines, with secondary aisles at ninety-degree angle. A classical style that leaves enough mobility and store visibility even for the most critical customer. Free-flow layout - an asymmetrical arrangement of merchandise that encourages unstructured traffic movement. Ideally suited for stores that display mixed assortments of diverse products with asymmetric space requirements. Loop or Boutique Layout - a layout that divides merchandise into shops within the store. Ideally suitable for a store displaying strong individual categories or brands. watch out the inside story of our stores having a mixture blend of all the layouts, meant for the customer convenience In supermarkets, fixtures are arranged in grid patterns beginning at the checkout. These grids that extend to the rear of the store allow customers to walk through and around classifications for easy shopping and orderly merchandise location. Merchandise classifications in supermarkets are normally presented in order of sales volume. Store locations with high traffic and visibility are better than those with low traffic and low visibility. The latter are areas with low sellers. The former are for strong sellers. Not all space can yield high volume because of customer demand. Close to the supermarket entrance are the high-volume produce department, which requires fixtures that provide light, cooling services, and water, are deep enough to hold quantities of produce. Impulse items are located in the first grocery aisle. Along the back wall meats progress to the adjacent wall where frozen and dairy products such as milk and yogurt are generally presented. Because diets are changing, product location in supermarkets should be reviewed frequently. Hot items that drew customers t... Free Essays on Store Layout Free Essays on Store Layout Store Layout The store layout of all our stores is based on one of the following architectures: Grid layout - layout that displays merchandise in straight, parallel lines, with secondary aisles at ninety-degree angle. A classical style that leaves enough mobility and store visibility even for the most critical customer. Free-flow layout - an asymmetrical arrangement of merchandise that encourages unstructured traffic movement. Ideally suited for stores that display mixed assortments of diverse products with asymmetric space requirements. Loop or Boutique Layout - a layout that divides merchandise into shops within the store. Ideally suitable for a store displaying strong individual categories or brands. watch out the inside story of our stores having a mixture blend of all the layouts, meant for the customer convenience In supermarkets, fixtures are arranged in grid patterns beginning at the checkout. These grids that extend to the rear of the store allow customers to walk through and around classifications for easy shopping and orderly merchandise location. Merchandise classifications in supermarkets are normally presented in order of sales volume. Store locations with high traffic and visibility are better than those with low traffic and low visibility. The latter are areas with low sellers. The former are for strong sellers. Not all space can yield high volume because of customer demand. Close to the supermarket entrance are the high-volume produce department, which requires fixtures that provide light, cooling services, and water, are deep enough to hold quantities of produce. Impulse items are located in the first grocery aisle. Along the back wall meats progress to the adjacent wall where frozen and dairy products such as milk and yogurt are generally presented. Because diets are changing, product location in supermarkets should be reviewed frequently. Hot items that drew customers t...

A strategic review of Hard Rock Caf Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

A strategic review of Hard Rock Caf - Essay Example Strategic group analysis for Hard Rock Cafà © will help in evaluating the firms with similar features, competing on same basis or following similar strategies. Three major direct competitions have been analysed, namely Planet Hollywood International Inc, The Johnny Rockets Group and Landry’s Inc. The value chain analysis of Hard Rock Cafà © has helped in making strategies for better value creation for customers. A SAF analysis was done to identify potential problems, highlight their impact on winning execution and make sure that strategies are properly implemented. VRIN analysis helped in evaluating the core competencies of Hard Rock Cafà ©. The various components of the VRIN were further broken down into smaller components and the competency level of each of these components were further analysed. At last, various suggestions were put forward. The final recommendation chosen after the analysis was to expand in new and emerging markets. Founded in the year 1971, Hard Rock Cafà © (HRD) is one of the finest chains of theme restaurants. It was started by Peter Morton and Issac Tigrett in London as a fast food and coffee joint (Hard Rock, 2014a). Over the years, Hard Rock Cafà © has successfully established itself as a pioneer in theme restaurants. After its successful global expansion into various nations, the retail chain diversified into many new business segments, including hotels, dining restaurants and casinos. In the year 2007, Hard Rock Cafà © was taken over by Seminole Tribe of Florida and the headquarters were shifted to Orland, Florida. As present, there are about 175 Hard Rock Cafà © s located across 53 countries (Hard Rock, 2014b). An analysis of product life cycle of Hard Rock Cafà © will help in understanding the present condition of the retail brand, in terms of its position in theme restaurants industry. Currently,

Leadership and Organisational Behaviour Case Study

Leadership and Organisational Behaviour - Case Study Example W.L. Gore & Associates is also known for its ability to develop innovative fabrics and polymer products which can be used for industrial, leisure, electronic and medical purposes (Gore, 2013). The case study will be analyzed on the basis of various theoretical frameworks regarding leadership and organizational behaviour and the researcher will use conjectural view in order to address pertaining issues in the case study. The researcher will mainly use four types of aspects such as leadership theories, team leadership, organizational behaviour and group dynamics in order to analyze the cases study. The researcher will take help of the theoretical argument of various research scholars in order to substantiate the proposed theoretical framework for the cases study and there will be separate literature review in the paper which will present theoretical arguments of various research scholars. In the next part of the paper, pertinent aspects of the case study will be analyzed in the light o f theoretical framework. In the last section, the researcher will recommend some suitable strategies which can help W.L. Gore & Associates to address any future problems in sustainable manner. Paradigms of the Case Study Careful analysis of the case study reveals the fact that the case of W.L. Gore & Associates is exceptional when it comes to comparing work culture in other organizations. The case study was written by considering leadership and organizational behaviour theories such as, 1- mutual trust development in a team, 2- leadership, 3- shared value within the team members, 4- managing a knowledge sharing and organic culture and 5- zest for constant innovation. Now, the question is whether the case study has been succeeded to address all the above mentioned theoretical aspects? Giving answer to the question is not a simple task and neither the researcher is in a position to judge the merit of the case study. However, the case study should be appreciated for its effort to unloc k the success mystery for W.L. Gore & Associates by integrating some of the prominent leadership and organizational behaviour theories. The researcher has found that above mentioned five aspects of the case study needs theoretical consideration in order to analyze the case study in terms of some well established leadership and organizational theories. Hence, the researcher has decided to conduct a literature review in order to explain pertinent aspects of the case study in the light of theoretical judgement of eminent research scholars. Literature Review It is evident from the case study that W.L. Gore & Associates has carefully replaced the concept of managing from external periphery with the concept of self managed individuals who can achieve leadership position by disposing skill and knowledge. Orsburn and Moran (2000) argued that self managed work groups are far more flexible in comparison to bureaucratic structure. Pearce and Manz (2005) pointed out that modern organizations ha ve trying to experiment with the organizational dynamics and organizational culture which can improve their productivity. Pearce and Manz (2005) defined self managed leaders are those who do not need external pressure to achieve the performance objective in workplace rather they

The Decision-Making Process at Toyota

The Decision-Making Process at Toyota â€Å"The minor assessment is centred around Toyota’s annual report. Each student is expected to submit a case report, based also on the analysis of relevant background readings in addition to the case study itself, addressing the following issues:  · Explain what is meant by the term â€Å"decision-making† and analyse it in connection with the concepts of risk and uncertainty.  · Discuss the decision-making process at Toyota.  · Briefly analyse the automotive industry and explain how its dynamics influence Toyota’s managers in making decisions.  · Apply forecasting models to Toyota case study (e.g. provide a 2-year moving average graph using sales data).† Table of contents Introduction: The decision-making process 1 Risks and uncertainties in decision-making process 2 Case study: Decision-making process at Toyota 3 Automotive industry analysis 4 Influence of automotive industry in Toyota’s decision making process 5 Financial analysis 6 Forecasting model: 2-year moving average graph 7 Forecasting model: weighted moving average and exponential smoothing 8 Conclusion: Toyota heading towards Sustainable Growth 9 References and Sources 10 Introduction: The decision-making process We can define decision-making, as a conscious and human process, involving both individual and social phenomena, an ongoing process of evaluating alternatives for meeting an objective. A particular course of action to select that course of action most likely to result in attaining the objective. The decision-making process allow us to raise our vision beyond our immediate concerns and, in turn, allow us to evaluate our existing beliefs an actions in a new light in order to make an important and useful decision. Achieving an objective requires action leading to a desired outcome. In theory, how one proceeds should inevitably affect what one achieves, and in turn this should affect future actions. Risks and uncertainties in decision-making process The ability of a firm to absorb, transfer, and manage risk is critical in managements decision-making process when risky outcomes are involved. This will often define managements risk appetite and help to determine, once risks are identified and quantified, whether risky outcomes may be tolerated. For example, many financial risks can be absorbed or transferred through the use of a hedge, while legal risks might be mitigated through unique contract language. If managers believe that the firm is suited to absorb potential losses in the event the negative outcome occurs, they will have a larger appetite for risk given their capabilities to manage it. Managing uncertainty in decision-making relies on identifying, quantifying, and analyzing the factors that can affect outcomes. This enables managers to identify likely risks and their potential impact. Decision makers are used to assessing risk because decision-making is usually associated with some degree of risk taking, but not all outcomes are easily assessed. Some unknown outcomes may not previously have been seen or experienced and so they are uncertain. In theory the outcome may have a low probability to occur but if so would happen it could be troublesome. So it is important for every company, especially in ever changing and competitive markets to deal with risks using a ever-better decision-making process. All of the decisions anyhow are taken by individuals so the strategy for risk avoidance is tied in with a personal reference point. Of course it’s fundamental nowadays, for big corporations, to have extremely good employees in this department. The skills and needs of the decision-maker and the role of the decision within an organization, the importance of the risk analysis will depend on the objectives of the decision. A wise approach to decision-making might seek contributions from different angles. The importance placed on data analysis, management skills, organizational awareness, and custom and practice in the assessment of risk would be vital. In this field of course with any doubt Toyota is one of the finest players in the market, with a top notch decision-making process. Case study: Decision-making process at Toyota Automotive industry analysis The worldwide automotive market is highly competitive. Toyota faces intense competition from automotive manufacturers in the markets in which it operates. Although the global economy continues to recover gradually, competition in the automotive industry has further intensified among difficult overall market conditions. In addition, competition is likely to further intensify due to continuing globalization in the worldwide automotive industry, possibly resulting in further industry reorganization. Factors affecting competition include product quality and features, safety, reliability, fuel economy, the amount of time required for innovation and development, pricing, customer service and financing. Increased competition may lead to lower vehicle unit sales, which may result in a further downward price pressure and adversely affect Toyota’s financial condition and results of operations. Toyota’s ability to adequately respond to the recent rapid changes in the automotive ma rket and to maintain its competitiveness will be fundamental to its future success in existing and new markets and to maintain its market share. There can be no assurances that Toyota will be able to compete successfully in the future. That’s the risk connected with every business activity. Through this uncertainties Toyota has to deal with a top-notch management. Each of the markets in which Toyota competes has been subject to considerable volatility in demand, so the risk is becoming even higher year after year affecting all business decisions. Demand for vehicles depends on social, political and economic conditions in a given market and the introduction of new vehicles and technologies. As Toyota’s revenues are derived from sales in markets worldwide, economic conditions in such markets are particularly important to Toyota. In Japan, the economy gradually recovered due to increasing personal consumption and last-minute demand encouraged by the increase of the consumption tax. In the United States, the economy has seen constant gradual retrieval mainly due to increasing personal consumption and the European economy has shown signs of recovery too. In the meantime, growth in emerging markets slowed down due to weakening currencies of emerging markets, increases in interest rates of emerging markets to protect the local currencies, and political instability in some nations. The shifts in demand for automobiles is continuing, and it is unclear how this situation will transition in the future. Influence of automotive industry in Toyota’s decision making process Toyota’s future success depends on its ability to offer new innovative competitively products that meet customer demand on a timely basis. Their corporate DNA is headed to continuous innovation and ensure that tomorrow’s Toyota is even better than today’s. Toyota’s current management structure is based on the structure introduced in April 2011. In order to fulfill the Toyota Global Vision, Toyota reduced the Board of Directors and decision-making layers, changing the management process from the ground-up, facilitating rapid management decision-making. In April 2013, Toyota made organizational changes with the goal of additional increasing the speed of decision making by clarifying responsibilities for operations and earnings. In detail Toyota’s group divided the automotive business into the following four units —Lexus International (Lexus business); Toyota No. 1 (North America, Europe and Japan); Toyota No. 2 (China, Asia the Middle East, East Asia Oceania; Africa, Latin America the Caribbean); and Unit Center (engine, transmission, and other â€Å"unit†-related operations) Meeting customer demand by introducing attractive new vehicles and reducing the amount of time required for product development are critical to automotive producers. In particular, it is critical to meet customer demand with respect to quality, safety and reliability. The timely introduction of new vehicle models, at competitive prices, meeting rapidly changing customer preferences and demand is more fundamental to Toyota’s success than ever, as the automotive market is rapidly transforming in light of the changing global economy. Toyota has to be ready for every occasion to occur in this ever changing global economy. Toyota’s managers every year are taking under consideration every occasion to happen. Within a managerial decision-making context, a risk might be viewed as the chance of negative outcome for a decision which has a possible uncertainty element, usually on the downside. Financial Analysis In terms of finances, the carmaker boosted its profit forecast for the current fiscal year ending March, expecting net income to rise to 2.0 trillion yen ($16.97 billion, 14.7 billion euros). It also said revenue would come in at 26.5 trillion yen. Toyota Motor Corporation had revenues for the full year 2014 of 25.692tn. This was 16.44% above the prior years results. Regarding the competition between Toyota, Volkswagen and ford, top players in the market, Toyota is average a positive trend. Moreover Toyota has the highest income since the year 2009. Forecasting model: 2-year moving average graph Forecasting model: weighted moving average and exponential smoothing We could use instead different methods. The moving average is a simple method that doesn’t take in in consideration the weight or real value that a number has. In fact to overcome this issue we can adopt the â€Å"weighted moving average method† and the â€Å"exponential smoothing method†. Using the â€Å"weighted moving average method† I take under considerations 3 years, which I consider the most important. The value of weights it is based on the percentage growth every year. Using weighted moving average, we can have a better forecast. However, it is more important for a better forecast to use the exponential smoothing method. Here I take in consideration all of the years moving from 2008. Found out that the smoothing factor is pretty high, 0.99. I took under consideration 0.9 as my alpha because in this particular case higher alpha means that the recent history will have more weightage in the forecast calculation. As we can see from page 26/68 I took under consideration Toyota’s Consolidated Performance (U.S. GAAP). I think that the last one is the most appropriate method to see a realest forecast for the next year. Of course the calculation has been made â€Å"ceteris paribus† so everything it is supposed to be the same next year, but as showed before this particular market is subject to constant changes. For this reason and other random errors the forecast could be higher or lower, but however we can obviously see a positive trend in Toyota’s business. Thanks to the tireless efforts of all concerned, today Toyota’s group can take pride in the strengths of its management practices and culture. Even its president is convinced that they are now in a position to take a definitive step forward toward sustainable growth. Conclusion: Toyota heading towards Sustainable Growth So is Toyota heading towards a sustainable growth? What is the engine for sustainable growth? Toyota has learned from experience that they can achieve sustainable growth only if they manage to create great cars that bring smiles and if they foster the human resources needed to make this a reality. At the same time, ever-better cars can be produced only through efforts made by employees on the front line. Individuals must take ownership of their work and place the utmost emphasis on local manufacturing, swift decision making, and immediate action. As it continues to grow however, tasks that were once routine may become increasingly difficult to perform. As I see it, Toyota’s current situation is particularly critical as we are now entering another expansion phase. This is a really important moment for Toyota. For this, because of the risks associated with the future Toyota should continue to seek perfection in his work of manufacturing, but especially in its management process where the decision-making process takes a fundamental part. References and sources For further readings†¦ Ken Segall, Insanely Simple, the obsession that drives Apple’s success, Published by Portfolio Trade, 2013 Robbins, De cenzo Coulter, Fundamentals of management, Global edition, 8th Edition, Pearson Higher Education, (2014 version) Burns and Stalker, The management of innovation, Tovistock Publications, London, 1961 Some internet sites†¦ ADAPT OR DIE, by John S. McCallum – Ivey Business Journal about management [accessed November 18, 2014] http://iveybusinessjournal.com/topics/strategy/adapt-or-die#.VGvDZDSG_ng 1

Macbeth Contextualize Analyze And Personalize

He felt like maybe he shouldn't have done what he did. Lastly, Machete's psychological state is that he is feeling suspicious about how Duncan and Banquet are acting. Analyze- In this scene , something that is revealed is that Macbeth immediately realizes that the fulfillment of the prediction may require conspiracy and murder on his part. One thing that Machete's words in this scene mean to me is that things can be good but also be terribly bad at the same time.Also, life can be hard at times, but you have to push through it the best you can. You can't let the bad things overtake the good in life. Think the most important words in this aside are when Macbeth says he is Thane of Castor. These are the most important words because even though some people may not want him to be king there isn't anything they can do about it for it to change. Personalize- My reaction to these lines are that there is a lot of defense coming from Macbeth, like he is lining guilty or ashamed about being kin g.I feel like Macbeth is trying to get a point across to Banquet, that he knows Banquet wants to be king but he will never feel the joy that Macbeth feels. Banquet will never have the power of being king. The way would deal with the situation would most likely be the same way Macbeth did. He seemed very calm about it. He didn't really get violent, he just stated that he was King, and there's no way to change it.

Accounting for a Loss Contingency for a Verdict Overturned on Appeal Essay

M International (â€Å"M†) and W Inc. (â€Å"W,† a competitor of M) have been engaged in long- standing litigation over a specific patent infringement matter. Below is a summary timeline of specific events that have taken place related to this matter: In May 2007, W filed a claim against M for patent infringement. For the year ended December 31, 2007, management of M determined that a loss for this matter was probable and represented that the estimate of loss was in the range of $15 million to $20 million, with $17 million being the most likely amount of loss within the range. See more: Beowulf essay essay A jury trial took place in September 2009. The jury reached a verdict on September 24, 2009, and a judgment was ordered in favor of W. The judgment required M to pay W $18.5 million. In November 2009, M filed a Notice of Appeal with the Court of Appeals. In December 2010, the Court of Appeals issued a ruling in favor of M’s appeal and reversed the lower court’s ruling on the matter. This meant that the Court of Appeals overturned the jury verdict and the $18.5 million judgment against M. On January 6, 2011, W filed a petition for a re-hearing before the same panel of appellate judges against the reversal of ruling by Court of Appeals. On February 10, 2011, the appellate judges declined the petition for a re-hearing. On February 28, 2011, management of M determined this matter was closed upon discussions with in-house legal counsel.

Diversity For A Diverse Workplace - 3965 Words

If an organization is serious about leading and managing a diverse workplace, they must prepare a plan of managing cultural diversity not only for the current status of the diversity in their organization but also for the very starting point of accommodating new employees with different cultural backgrounds. It is all about the preparation for recruiting different cultural backgrounds. Recruiting strategies At first, the organization must create a diverse pool of candidates. If they always recruit from the same places, they will get the same people; then here is the question on what recruiting strategies the organization has and how their diversity recruiting plan will answer these following questions: 1. Is their lead time for hiring†¦show more content†¦How is their organization viewed in the communities where they want to recruit? Do they sponsor events such as Chinese New Year or other traditional celebrations and events? Do they get involved with community organizations? 7. Where have they advertised for candidates? 8. Do they look for internal candidates? Can employee affinity groups help? Do they talk to suppliers and vendors that champion diversity and let them know that they have positions available? Do they have best practices in recruiting they might adopt? 9. Do their website and promotional literature tell that diversity is part of their mission statement? 10. Do online photos and illustrations reflect real diversity in their organization? The responses to these questions could help the organization draft a new recruiting strategy or take to modify and carry out an existing one with an improved diversity perspective (Lieberman et.al. 2003, p. 76). Attitudes to job candidates After having a clear strategy for recruiting diversified workforce, the next problem is what the organization or especially interviewers‟ attitudes are to job candidates. Despite what many believe, hiring candidates for a new position or a promotion is never completely objective. In fact, unconscious bias and assumptions always try to interfere with the ability to interview and select the best candidate. Those biases and assumptions can affect everything, including

1979 Seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca

The seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca in 1979 is a seminal event in the evolution of Islamist terrorism. Yet the seizure is mostly a footnote in contemporary history. It shouldnt be. The Grand Mosque in Mecca is a massive, 7-acre compound that can accommodate some 1 million worshippers at any one time, especially during the annual hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca centered on circling the sacred Kaaba in the heart of the Grand Mosque. The marble mosque in its current shape is the result of a 20-year, $18 billion renovation project began in 1953 by the House of Saud, the ruling monarchy in Saudi Arabia, which considers itself the guardian and custodian of the Arab Peninsula’s holiest sites, the Grand Mosque topmost among them. The monarchy’s contractor of choice was the Saudi Bin Laden Group, led by the man who in 1957, became the father of Osama bin Laden. The Grand Mosque, however, first came to wide Western attention on November 20, 1979. Coffins as Weapons Cache: Seizure of the Grand Mosque At 5 that morning, the final day of the hajj, Sheikh Mohammed al-Subayil, imam of the Grand Mosque, was preparing to address 50,000 worshipers through a microphone inside the mosque. Among the worshipers, what looked like mourners bearing coffins on their shoulders and wearing headbands made their way through the crowd. It wasnt an unusual sight. Mourners often brought their dead for a blessing at the mosque. But they had no mourning in mind. Sheikh Mohammed al-Subayil was shoved aside by men who took machine guns from beneath their robes, fired them in the air and at a few policemen nearby, and yelled to the crowd that â€Å"The Mahdi has appeared!† Mahdi is the Arabic word for messiah. The mourners set their coffins down, opened them up, and produced an arsenal of weaponry that they then brandished and fired at the crowd. That was only part of their arsenal. An Attempted Overthrow by a Would-Be Messiah The attack was led by Juhayman al-Oteibi, a fundamentalist preacher and former member of the Saudi National Guard, and Mohammed Abdullah al-Qahtani, who claimed to be the Mahdi. The two men openly called for a revolt against the Saudi monarchy, accusing it of having betrayed Islamic principles and sold out to western countries. The militants, who numbered close to 500, were well armed, their weapons, in addition to their coffin arsenal, having been stashed gradually in the days and weeks before the assault in small chambers beneath the Mosque. They were prepared to lay siege to the mosque for a long time. The siege lasted two weeks, though it did not end before a bloodbath in underground chambers where militants had retreated with hundreds of hostages--and bloody repercussions in Pakistan and Iran. In Pakistan, a mob of Islamist students enraged by a false report that the United States was behind the mosque seizure, attacked the American embassy in Islamabad and killed two Americans. Irans Ayatollah Khomeini called the attack and the murders a great joy, and also blamed the seizure on the United States and Israel. In Mecca, Saudi authorities considered attacking the hold-outs without regard for the hostages. Instead, Prince Turki, the youngest son of King Faisal and the man in charge of reclaiming the Grand Mosque, summoned a French secret service officer, Count Claude Alexandre de Marenches, who recommended that the hold-outs be gassed unconscious. Indiscriminate Killing As Lawrence Wright describes it in The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11, A team of three French commandos from the Groupe d’Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale (GIGN) arrived in Mecca. Because of the prohibition against non-Muslims entering the holy city, they converted to Islam in a brief, formal ceremony. The commandos pumped gas into the underground chambers, but perhaps because the rooms were so bafflingly interconnected, the gas failed and the resistance continued.With casualties climbing, Saudi forces drilled holes into the courtyard and dropped grenades into the rooms below, indiscriminately killing many hostages but driving the remaining rebels into more open areas where they could be picked off by sharpshooters. More than two weeks after the assault began, the surviving rebels finally surrendered. At dawn on Jan. 9, 1980, in the public squares of eight Saudi cities, including Mecca, 63 Grand Mosque militants were beheaded by sword on orders of the king. Among the condemned, 41 are Saudi, 10 from Egypt, 7 from Yemen (6 of them from what was then South Yemen), 3 from Kuwait, 1 from Iraq and 1 from the Sudan. Saudi authorities report that 117 militants died as a result of the siege, 87 during the fighting, 27 in hospitals. Authorities also noted that 19 militants received death sentences that were later commuted to life in prison. Saudi security forces suffered 127 deaths and 451 wounded. Were the bin Ladens Involved? This much is known: Osama bin Laden would have been 22 at the time of the attack. He would have likely heard Juhayman al-Oteibi preach. The Bin Laden Group was still heavily involved in the renovation of the Grand Mosque: the company’s engineers and workers had open access to the mosque’s grounds, Bin Laden trucks were inside the compound frequently, and bin Laden workers were familiar with the compound’s every recess: they built some of them. It would be a stretch, however, to assume that because the bin Ladens were involved in construction, they were also involved in the attack. What’s also known is that the company shared all maps and layouts they had of the mosque with authorities to facilitate the Saudi Special Forces’ counter-attack. It would not have been in the bin Laden Group’s interest, enriched as it had become almost exclusively through Saudi government contracts, to aid the regime’s opponents. Just as certainly, what Juhayman al-Oteibi and the â€Å"Mahdi† were preaching, advocating and rebelling against is almost word for word, eye for an eye, what Osama bin Laden would preach and advocate subsequently. The Grand Mosque takeover was not an al-Qaeda operation by any means. But it would become an inspiration, and a stepping stone, to al-Qaeda less than a decade and a half later.

Christopher Columbus, A Genoese Explorer - 838 Words

The European explorers who discovered the new lands of America and Africa were in search of an all-water route to China and India. After establishing reliable routes in this newly discovered land, the motives of the Spanish explorers soon morphed into seeking wealth and fortune. This is also true in the conquering of Africa as well. These types of motives greatly jeopardized the sustainability of the native culture of the area and eventually pushed them close to abolishment. Christopher Columbus, a Genoese explorer employed by Spain, was the first to sail west in search of this route to China and India. Landing in the Bahamas, he was certain he found what they had set out to. During the exploration of the area he discovered with every turn he took, it seemed he encountered native people native. These people he referred to as â€Å"Indians† with the belief that he had reached the territories of India and China (pg. 438-466). Like the Spanish, the Portuguese were also in search for new sea routes to the East. Landing in Africa they quickly established themselves, and soon took control of the markets in gold, salt, and slaves. They too came across native people of the lands, but these people were much different than the Indians that Columbus was introduced to (pg 453). The new lands provided gold, silver, and salt, which supported the main motive of the Conquistadors and the Europeans. While precious metals were lucrative, slavery was the most profitable. Treated as aShow MoreRelatedChristopher Columbus s Voyage Preparations And His Religious Beliefs1401 Words   |  6 PagesChristopher Columbus lived during the early modern period, more precisely the Renaissance (Boucher). At the time, the pre- modern worldview that once dominated Europe since antiquity (existence to 476 C.E) began to vanish due to new intellectual way of thinking, which ultimately mature in the modern way of thinking (Boucher). While Columbus contributed to this momentous shift, there is evidence that one might argue that between Columbus’ voyage preparations and his religious beliefs, the iconic GenoeseRead MoreEssay on The Voyage Of Christopher Columbus1497 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican History I Christopher Columbus Voyage to North America Spanish exploration first began with a series of revolutions. First, the Commercial Revolution generated economic stability. Second, the Intellectual Revolution generated interest in the Earths composition and the pursuit of exploration. Europe then called for a political revolution to end the disorganized and disorderly rule of its government. This revolution returned order and stability to the government and renewed interestRead MoreThe Voyage of Christopher Columbus1541 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican History I 07/08/05 Christopher Columbus Voyage to North America Spanish exploration first began with a series of revolutions. 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Destructive earthquake free essay sample

Yuan directly,but in an other aspect, in the way of rebuilding the homes gathering all the strength together and give Went Chuan a bright new look. So can man triumph over nature?On the one hand, it seems that man always fight against nature , someone consider in a proper way that man can triumph over nature,slung natures rower ,seeking for a way to shelter from disasters, Whats more, many tools have been designed to keep us out of hazards due to the highly developing technologies. On the other hand, its a belief that the forces of nature are powerful and we hardly have any Ideas coping with such an unexpected problem. For example, we still can not foresee an earthquake and we can not become a superman to save ourselves and others when there Is a big tsunami or a destructive earthquake. E are tiny In front of nature. We will write a custom essay sample on Destructive earthquake or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There Is no denying that nature plays an essential part In humans stateless and makes great differences to us. I take It for granted that man cant triumph over nature all the way, however, whats the most significant thing is that why we must triumph over nature ,we have the right to choose another way to get along with nature which is to respect it.

Land Pollution in Dar es Salaam Urban City Essay Example

Land Pollution in Dar es Salaam Urban City Paper The concept of land pollution by government is so wide and complex because it has been conceptualized differently by different actors such as organization, government itself and private sectors through over time. This includes responsibility of the government and non-government actors about the cause, effects and solution to land pollution problem. Land pollution is said to be a threat to urban dwellers in both developed and developing countries. As a population growth rate and arbitration become increased, solid and chemical waste is generated due to different activities including industrial and human activities. Arbitration as argued by Dubbed (1 990:1 7) defines arbitration as a community consisting of a large concentration of population in a relatively limited geographical area. This is activated by the production of manufactured goods and distribution of various types of goods and services involving high degree of specialization and complicated technology. The main objectives of this research paper are to explore the industrial activities to land pollution problem in relation to urban city change in Dark sees Salaam Tanzania. The study is generally aimed to explore Dark sees Salaam urban city planning for solid waste management system and the currency of land pollution in areas of Leila, Kingdom and Teemed municipal. We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution in Dar es Salaam Urban City specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution in Dar es Salaam Urban City specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Land Pollution in Dar es Salaam Urban City specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The study was done through library research on land pollution, internet search about the root cause of land pollution, its effects and solution in Dark sees Salaam city among the other cities In East Africa and Africa at broad. Land pollution is seriously in areas of all, Teemed and Kingdom municipal where planning and sewage system are poorly developed. Today the garbage and other solid waste appears to be much in these areas and other urban dwellers and visitors in the country where plastic bags and cans are being seed. More data about this study have been collected through internet search, library search where few literature have been written little about land pollution in urban cities and other data were primarily obtained through oral and observation through naked eyes like poor toilet systems, sewage system, even here at university Dark sees Salaam particularly main campus and Mambo hostel where sewage system are poor due to frequent leakage and pollutes environment while others are secondary data related to the research topic. Other waste generated around this area including water bottles and plastic gas which are being used by almost all students and thrown everywhere around these areas. Few data Were collected by relating solid waste management, water resource management and energy resource management where quantitative and qualitative approach is used in this study. Other scholars argue that rural-urban migration in Tanzania is high and the urban population increased from 15 % of the total population in 1980 to 33% in 2001(World Bank, 2003) and it has been estimated that by 2025 more than half of the population in Tanzania will live in urban areas. Today the urban planning is inadequate. Consequently, the urban expansion lacks consideration of environmental issues (land, water quality and supply, sanitation and solid waste management) or urban-rural development effects. The current population growth rate according to Macomb, (2008 p. 14) is 4. 9 per annum. This means that there is an increased rate of solid and chemical waste generation in Dark sees Salaam urban city with its three municipalities of Leila, Kingdom and Teemed where solid and chemical wastes are being generated. The city is bound to come up with effective strategies for land pollution control for sustainable future generation. Various sources of land pollution show that industrial activities which are carried out in urban cities including Dark sees Salaam creates land or soil pollution, Jeanne Meager (2011) contents that the amount of waste produced by human societies is increasing. Pollution being a major problem in urban areas of Tanzania is due to improper treatment and disposal of solid and liquid wastes that contribute to urban area pollution. The combined result of these problems on land is that both air and water also have been contaminated with pollutants from land environment which are detrimental to human health. In Dark sees Salaam, for example, less than 5% of the population is connected to a sewage System. Where a sewage system exists, raw sewage is discharged directly into the Indian Ocean without prior treatment. The following are the suggested methods which are advised to be used; Dumping process and refineries of wastes, Sanitary landfill, Composition method and Incineration/burning of waste, but these methods have failed to set land free from pollution. Therefore land pollution means degradation or destruction of the earths surface and soil directly or indirectly as a result of human activities. Encyclopedia Britannica define land pollution as deposition of solid or liquid waste materials on the land or underground that threaten the public health and cause unsightly condition and nuisances. In Dark sees Salaam urban city landfill and land reclamation have led to land deterioration through landfill contents. Although different strategies for land pollution control are being suggested and drafted, land pollution is still a problem in Dark sees Salaam city due population increase that according to Jeanne Meager (201 1), the amount of waste produced by human societies is increasing which creates industrial asset effluents discharged from chemical industries, paper and pulp mills, tanneries, food processing industries, power plants like Bungs power plant in Kingdom municipal which generate fly ash and among the others. To manage land pollutants in the city is very costively and therefore the city at one stage is experienced mushrooming heaps of uncollected garbage, this waste produces smell which attracts flies that cause health problems to the city dwellers. However, presently there some signs of improvements although generally Tanzania has no culture of sorting out solid waste before disposal. Solid waste is collected and transported by contracted private companies to the dumpiest. It should be noted that all dumpiest in the city generate a lot of health and environmental problems Encyclopedia Britannica contents that, deposition of solid or liquid waste materials on land or underground leads to threaten of Public health and cause unsightly condition and nuisances. The idea of introducing sanitary landfill is ever talked about but never implemented by the government, Living (1999) contents that urban pollution is a major problem in urban where solid and liquid waste is a major contributor. Also the Daily Newspaper sometimes back carried a story entitled, Garbage dumps mushroom in Dark streets but this situation is not gloom as such because private and public agencies play a part to collect garbage and transport them to dumpiest by trucks while some waste are often burned. Therefore, Ajar N (2011), argues that all substances or compounds that enter the soil/the land are potentially contaminants; therefore we should recycle, reuse or reduce them. Some settlements such as Bunting and Hangnails are located along the Amazing River which cuts across Dark-sees-SIAM city from East to West dividing the city into two parts North and South). The rivers basin is mainly vegetated by mangrove swamps. The area is popular in Dark sees Salaam because of the role it plays in the urban economy. Most of the fresh vegetables, I. E. Macho (spinach), sold by street vendors in Dark-sees-Salaam are produced there and their residues are thrown away improperly, this leads to land pollution. In order to meet human needs like food production, manufacturing and processing of finished goods and packaging industries are established and increased rates of use have raised the rates of waste generation and regrettably the present technologies Anton cope with the increased rates of disposal. Industrialization process therefore contribute to land pollution through by products of food stuffs and chemicals which are highly toxic are being generated, poor sewage system treatment contributes to land pollution through solid waste and liquid waste is being left during sand mining sites or overcrowded sand mining agricultural products (food stuff remain), municipal and house hold waste such as papers, ashes, glass, metals bottles and plastic are some sources of waste or pollutants in areas of all, Kingdom and Teemed municipals. Several industries located along Pug Road industrial area discharge their waste materials like factory rubbish, packaging waste material, organic waste, scrap metals, tars, dyes, slags, batteries and other heavy metals into land (Stonewashed). The situation is environmentally unacceptable, other waste can be generated from shops, homes like bags, empty cans, glass, bottles, Waste paper, diaper, cloth or rags; bio medical Waste like pathological and anatomical waste; construction/demolition waste like concretes, debris, woods; horticulture waste like vegetable parts, residues and remains of laughter animals like bones are also discharged to land. In Tanzania, some of the root general causes for environmental land degradation are unsustainable farming and mining, overgrazing, uncontrolled forest clearing and wild fires. Other drivers include: inadequate alternative energy sources; a lack of financial institutions that provide credit to farmers to acquire or develop land; LACUNA annual report (201 2/ 201 3) contents that rapid population growth resulting in pressure on land resources. Therefore land pollution in Dark sees Salaam urban city is as a result of industrial activities, unman activities, poor urban planning and population growth rate. Sand mining for construction activities is being undertaken within the Dark sees Salaam City in areas which are not designated for such activities. This phenomenon has created conflicts between residents and city authorities and ultimately undermined principles of urban planning. It has created big holes which essentially affect the aesthetic features of the area. This activity has potentially exacerbated soil erosion and resulted into a loss of productive land. The Government passed the Environment Management Act of 2004 for effective and sustainable management of the environment. Hence, enforcing of special laws pertaining to environmental management is emphasized. Meaningful and effective environmental law must be clearly understood and treasured by the communities and individuals whom it is aimed. The legislation sets out standards and procedures, duties and limits, create obligations for all stakeholders, which will fit human activities and govern land resource sustainable. Waste transportation and collection according to Encyclopedia of environmental pollution and its control Volvo. IV (1989), involves lit modal combination of public and private agency like trucks, walking and head carrying depending on accessibility. These trucks some are owned by government and others by private trucks where bottles for cooking oils, local liquids are being collected and recycled. Also some metals like aluminum are collected to be recycled; crude oil is refined to produce usable diesel, gas and petrol. In the process of waste treatment some waste are biodegradable and easily dumped while others are non-biodegradable and are difficult to recycle, this cause land pollution. In developed countries nuclear waste nutrients to land pollution by generating radioactive materials that contain chemicals which affects human health and land environment. It is believed that with strong government and institutional framework which is well coordinated all the above environmental problems could be resolved. The major sources of land pollution in Dark sees Salaam City are motor vehicles that believed to be the primary source affecting ambient land quality, industrial pollution and residential burning of fossil fuels is another source for pollution. Automobile oil spills on land is a growing problem in Dark sees Salaam City and as such it needs immediate attention before it goes Out Of control. Environmental expenditure review PEER (2004) reports that large amount of waste particles such as woods, metals, bricks, electronic wires and plastics are generated during road construction, rail ways and houses. Classification of solid waste in these areas includes; garbage or decomposable waste, rubbish which can be combustible and non-combustible waste like paper, wood, cloth, rubber leather and garden waste, ashes, industrial solid waste and agricultural waste among the others. The simplest method which have been seed to collect these waste includes crude tipping or open dumping like at Tab dump site, this method is commonly used to those cities found around Indian Ocean and other method adopted but never implemented in Dark sees Salaam city is landfill for solid waste. Inadequate urban planning is a significant driving force behind rising pollution levels, because residential and commercial centers are often far apart, forcing mass movement of workers on a daily basis by using motor vehicles. Soil pollution; soil is being polluted as a result of land degradation through chemical fertilizers which are in liquid while others are in soil form, this weaken the soil quality. Therefore water or wind can easily remove top soil part. Another effect is the change in climate patterns due global warming as a result of deforestation and in the other hand poor urban planning and other human activities contributes to ecosystem that in turn leads to change in climate change because of ozone layer depletion as harmful gases are generated due smelling of garbage. Land pollution also leads to public health problems like diseases because it encourages the growth of flies which transmits typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery among other disease. Directing sewage disposal from land to ocean leads death of marine organisms and burning of waste leads to soil acidity. Various ways should be employed by government and private agencies on how to solve the problem of land pollution in rapid growing urban cities in Africa including Dark sees Salaam in Tanzania. The ways to be followed includes; Education to the people should be provided so as to be aware about the concept of reduce, recycle and re use products; the use of pesticides, insecticides and agricultural chemical fertilizers should be reduced in favor of using gardening or organic foods, the government and land managers should encourage buying or importing biodegradable products that do not affect land by either direct or indirectly; and the government or private agencies should encourage selection of open dumping sites which is a cheap method and providing public sanitary facilities for general environmental management like trucks and dustbins, introduction of national sanitary landfill, development of physical infrastructure and proper chemical waste disposal. Research paper wring as process of doing critical reading has been limited with time and books material about the topic. Time constrain ND lack of money for travel contributed this research paper to be conducted through telephone interview, internet search, email and library where very few readings related to research topic are found. The study attempts to cover a cross section of land pollution in Dark sees Salaam urban city and their surroundings with a varying action/cause, effects of pollutants or pollution as well as regulatory measures to overcome the problem. The main concerns in waste management are proliferation of plastic in waste streams, industrial waste, oil pipe leakage and sewage leakage. Engineering option for waste espousal in Dark sees Salaam is limited due to poor land planning and urban city planning, many open dump sites are not used properly and lack of national sanitary landfill. In different literatures, waste generation from various source is viewed to be disadvantageous and harmful to land and human health as it pollutes and contaminate the environment and attract flies which health leads to diseases like dysentery, diarrhea and typhoid but in the other side, waste if treated properly can be useful especially biodegradable waste can be used as sources of composite manure. It is not only all pollutants are harmful o environment but also some are useful as they save some microorganism in land. Land pollution in urban cities in developed and developing countries is generally as a result of different factors such as industrial activities, human activities, mining and agriculture activities. In Dark sees Salaam urban city, pollution is due to rapid population increase versus poor urban planning. Tanzania government has proved failure in urban planning in Dark sees Salaam city hence it is difficult for land managers to control land pollution, the natural environment has always been exploited to fulfill human needs but urine this century the scale of our demands has grown so large that we are degrading the ecosystem upon which our health and live hood depends World Bank, (1998) Pl. Technologies from outside has led to challenge in land management policy because it generates solid and liquid waste that pollutes the land environment as they are deposited inland. There should be land saving technology (LAST) in order to save environment from pollution.